Arc-welding apparatus.



No. 818,361. PATENTED APR. 17, 1906.

' A. G. EASTWOOD.

ARC WELDING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZ. 1905.

ARTHUR C. EASTWOOD, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ARC-WELDING APPARATUS- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 17, 1906.-

Application filed May 2,1905. Serial No. 258,559

vTo all whom it may concern/.2

Be it known that I, ARTHUR C. EAsrwoon,

I a citizen of the United States, residing in Cleveland, Ohio, have invented certain Improvements in Are Welding Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide a portable and conveniently-operated combination of apparatus for heating bodies of metal, such as defective castings or the like,

to such a temperature that blow-holes may.

be filled with melted metal and shrinkage or other cracks welded together by utilizing the intense heat caused by an electric arc.

It is further desired to provide a combination of' apparatus having the above-noted characterlstics which shall be so connected and arranged as to reduce to a minimum the possibility of short circuits or of the operator eing injured by accidental burning from the arc.

It is also desired to provide an arc-welding apparatus by which it shall be possible to conveniently regulate the amount of current flowing in the circuit and also to control the opening or closing of a main switch or switches from a distance.

I further desire to provide an arc-welding system in which shall be included an electromagnetic switch or switches whose operation is controlled by a switch carried 11 on the handle of an electrode holder manipulated by the operator.

These objects I attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompany ing drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the apparatus and connections therefor comprising my invention. Fig. 2 is an eleva-' tion, partly in section and on a larger scale than Fig. 1, illustrating certain features ofthe detail construction of the carbon or other electrode holder forming a part of my invention.

Hitherto the use of the electric arcfor welding such material as steel, for example, has been limited by a number of difliculties, among which may be mentioned the danger of burns, due to even momentary contact with the arc, and again because of the fact that there has not been available any suitable combination of apparatus for applying and controlling. the are so that it could be conveniently applied to a given "piece of.

work. Y

The apparatus embraced in my invention minal of the switch B.

thereof and carryin affords ample protection to the operator from accidental burns and also -avoids the possibility of short-circuiting.

Another advantage of the apparatus hereinafter described arises from an arrangement of its component parts, whereby a given op-' eration may be carried on withlthe-utmost despatch, as is requisite for successful weldmg. i

.In the above drawings, A is a main handoperated switch of thedouble pole-type, while B and B illustrate two electromagnetic switches having actuating-coils b and b there being also any desired number of resistancecontrolling switches c c c 0 each having one terminal connected to some point in a bank of resistanceC, which in the present instance is subdivided into five sections a to c. The second terminals of the switches c to 0 inclusive, are all connected together and to a clamping-plated, while one terminal of the switch B is connected to a point in the bank of resistance 0 between the sections a and c and also to some intermediate point of the section of resistance 0'.

The second terminal of the switch B is connected to one terminal of the main switch A, whose second terminal is connected to a ter- The second terminal of this latter switch is in electrical connection with the metallic body of the carbon-holder D. This holder consists of a hollow body at,

. preferably of aluminium, in which are a numer of perforations d provided to permitof the circulation of air through the interior holder (i in which ts'a tapered bushin d at one end a tubular adapted to receive the carbon rod (F. T ere 4 A is a suitable terminal plate d upon the holder D for the connection of a flexible cable d", which extends between it and one terminal of the switch B, while on the end oppositethat having the said carbon rod is a wooden handle (1 and a relatively large rotective shield (i inte' osed between it an the body d. carried any convenient form of push-button or'equivalent switch E. In the present 1n- The hand e d is hollow and within it-is stance this consists of two bars 6 and e, held apart by a piece of insulating material 6 and having respectively connected to them wires entering through a cable'e One at least of the barsin the present instance e1s of flexible material and has engagin its outer end a ush-button e, which when e ressed causes 1t to electrically contact with t e bar a. O

the" coil 1; of the switch B; Between thesec and the operator grasps the carbon-hol such manner as to depress the push-button e 0nd terminal of this latter coil and the posi-" tive side of the main switch A is interposed an auxiliary switch 11 whose movable element 6 is carried by the blade of the switch B. Said auxiliary switch is adapted to be closed by the closing of the switch B as well as opened by the 0 ening of said switch.

In order to ma e a weld, the plate (1 is clamped to the metallic piece to be repaired, erDin This depression causes closure of the switch E, thereby supplying current to the coils of switches B and B, so that these close one after the other.

Assuming that all of the switches c to 0 inclusive, are closed, the o erator touches the piece of metal to be we ded at the desired point with the carbon rod (1 thereby completing the circuit, so that when the carbon rod is drawn away from the metal an arc is formed. This arc rapidly heats the surface to be welded to the desired tem erature, and if a crack or blow-hole is to be led iron borings or punchings are dropped in place, belfinlg then melted in the arcin such a way as to the defective 0 ening. When sufiicient metal has been me ted and the adjacent surface raised to the desired temperature, the operator releases the push-button (2*, thereby breaking the circuit of the coils b and b and permitting the switches B and B to open, thereby openin both sides of the-main circuit. The wel may then be perfected by peneing in the well-known manner.

It Wlll be seen that when the push-button e is first depressed current flows from the main switch Athrou h switch E and through coil 6 to the second terminal of said main switch, with the. result that said coil is energized and switch B is closed. This causes closin of the switch b t so that current is then ee to flow from one terminal of the main switch A to said switch 6 through coil 1; and switch B, then to the second terminal of switch A. From this it will be seen that first one side of the circuit is closed and then the other. If it be desired to decrease the amount of current flowing in the main circuit, one or more of the switches a to 0 inclusive, 1s opened, thereby increa the total resistance of sald main circuit l is not possible, however,-to cut all of the resistance out of circuit, so that there is never any opportunity for a dead short circuit to occur.

By the use of my improved combination of apparatus very material advantages are The second terminal of -secured, since it is possible to quickly and cona paratus it is possible, as above noted, to

lblow -holes .and shrinkage cracks, as well as to build up ribs and ortions of castin s which have not run fullin t e mold. Defectlve gear- -teeth may be also repaired, though hitherto this has not been feasible.

I claim as my invention 1. Arc-welding apparatus including a portable terminal and an electromagnetic switch in circuit therewith, with aswitch carried on said terminal and connected to control the said electromagnetic switch, substantially as described.

2. Arc-welding apparatus including-a ortable terminal, an insulated handle t erefor, a hand-controlled switch on said handle,

with an electromagnetic "switch in circuit fiwith the terminal and having its coil in circuit w1th the hand-controlled switch, substantially as described.

3. Arc-welding apparatus including two terminals for permitting current to flow to an article to be operated on, an electroma Ietic switch in circui... with the terminals, a and.-

operated switch in circuit with the coil of said electromagnetic switch for controlling the same, a bank of resistance. and controllijn means therefor, for varying the magnitu e of the-current at described.

4. Arc-welding apparatus including two terminals for permitting current-flow to an article to be 0 erated on, a pair of electroma etic switc es res ectively in circuit with sai terminals, a ban of resistance, a number of switches for controlling the amount of will, substantially as said resistance in circuit, with a controllingswitch in circuit with the coil of one ofthe electromagnetic switches, substantially as described.

5. Arc-welding apparatus including two terminals for permitting current to flow to an article to be operated on, a air of electromagnetic switches. respective y in circuit with said terminals, a switch carriedby a terminal and in circuit with the coil of the first automatic switch, and an auxiliary switch operated by said first switch and In circuit with the coil of the other electromagnetic switch, substantially as described.

6. Arc-welding apparatus includin a terminal having an electrode-holder, a ollow, ventilated metallic-supporting-body therefor, a handle of heat-noneconductlng. material for said body, and a shield-piece between the body and said handle, substantially as described.

7:. Arc-welding apparatus including means for connecting a body to be 0 erated on to a source of current, a terminal aving an electrode-holder, a metallic supporting-body for button whereby it is operated, and an elec tromagnetic switch connected between the 7 said supporting-body and the Source of current, the coil of said switch being in circuit with the switch on the handle, substantially 'minal having an electrode-holder, a

' plate to be clam ed to an article to be operas described.

8. Arc-welding apparatus includin a terollow, ventilated supporting-body therefor, means for connecting the body to a source of curreiit, ar. insulating-handle for the body, and means carried by said handle for controlling the current-flow to said body, substantially as described.

9. Arc-welding'apparatus including a terminal having an electrode-holder, a supportmg-body therefor, means for connecting the body to a source of current, an insulatinghandle for the body, means external to said holder and body for controlling the currentflow thereto, and a device carried by said handle for controlling the operation of said latter means, substantially as described.

10. Arc-welding apparatus including a ated on, a porta le terminal having an e ectrode from which an arc is formed to the article operated on, a pair of electromagnetic switches -respect1vely in a circuit with the plate and with the electrode, a bank. of reslstance, and means for controlling the 1 amount of said resistance in circuit, substantially as described. 11. Arc-weldingapparatus including a ter- ..minal for attachment to an article to be operated on, a portable terminal having an electrode from which an arc is formed, a pair of electromagnetic switches in circuit with said terminals, a switch carried by the portable terminal and in circuit with the coil of one of said electromagnetic switches, with means for causing said switches to be operated successively, substantially as described.

12. Arc-welding apparatus including a terminal for attachment to an article to be operated on, a portable terminal having an electrode from which an arc is formed, a pair of electromagnetic switches in circuit with said terminals, a switch carried by the portable terminal and in circuit with the coil of one of saidelectromagnetic switches, with an auxiliary switch in circuit with the coil of the secondswitch and controlled by said first switch for preventing operation of said second switch until after the first switch has been operated, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR O. EASTWOOD.

Witnesses:

WM. E. SHUPE, "Jos. H. KLEIN. 

